Highlights

 

Compiled and Interpreted

The strength of compiled languages and the adaptability of interpreted languages are combined in Java.

The Virtual Machine (JVM) executes this bytecode by converting it into machine-readable code once the Compiler (javac) converts the source code into it.

Platform Independent and Portable

Platform independence, which enables portability, is what makes Java's two-step compilation process so important. A program that has been built on one machine can run on any other machine, regardless of the operating system, as long as a JVM is there.

The capacity to run a program on various machines is referred to as the portability feature. In actuality, the same code will execute exactly the same on various platforms, regardless of hardware compatibility or operating systems, with no modifications made to the source code or recompilation.

Object-Oriented

Java provides robust support for Object-Oriented Programming principles, including encapsulation, abstraction, and inheritance. All code and data within a Java program must reside within a class or object.

Robust and Secure

Java offers essential features that enhance the resilience and security of applications. Notably, it employs a memory management system featuring automatic garbage collection. In contrast to languages like C/C++, Java avoids explicit pointers and eliminates the need for manual memory management. The Garbage Collector (GC) takes responsibility for deallocating unused objects to free up memory. Moreover, Java's strong typing reduces the likelihood of bugs in applications and includes error-handling mechanisms.

Distributed

This capability proves invaluable for large-scale projects. Java allows the partitioning of a program into distinct components distributed across multiple computers. Consequently, it facilitates the creation of scalable, distributed applications capable of running on multiple nodes.

Simple and Familiar

Java's simplicity is evident in its clean and comprehensible coding style. It eschews complex and intricate features found in other languages, such as explicit pointers. Additionally, Java is familiar to programmers due to its roots in existing languages like C++, incorporating many of their features.

Multi-Threaded and Interactive

Java supports multithreading, also known as Thread-based Multitasking, enabling the concurrent execution of multiple threads. In essence, Java programs can perform numerous tasks concurrently by defining multiple threads. Importantly, multithreading doesn't consume dedicated memory for each thread; all threads share a common memory space.

High Performance

Java boasts highly optimized bytecodes generated by the compiler, leading to faster execution within the Virtual Machine. This performance advantage distinguishes Java from traditional interpreted programming languages.

Overall, Java continues to be a popular choice for software development, particularly in enterprise environments, thanks to its combination of portability, reliability, and a strong developer community.